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Global sensitivity analysis of certain and uncertain factors for a circular tunnel under seismic action

Nazim Abdul NARIMAN, Raja Rizwan HUSSAIN, Ilham Ibrahim MOHAMMAD, Peyman KARAMPOUR

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第6期   页码 1289-1300 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0548-0

摘要: There are many certain and uncertain design factors which have unrevealed rational effects on the generation of tensile damage and the stability of the circular tunnels during seismic actions. In this research paper, we have dedicated three certain and four uncertain design factors to quantify their rational effects using numerical simulations and the Sobol’s sensitivity indices. Main effects and interaction effects between the design factors have been determined supporting on variance-based global sensitivity analysis. The results detected that the concrete modulus of elasticity for the tunnel lining has the greatest effect on the tensile damage generation in the tunnel lining during the seismic action. In the other direction, the interactions between the concrete density and both of concrete modulus of elasticity and tunnel diameter have appreciable effects on the tensile damage. Furthermore, the tunnel diameter has the deciding effect on the stability of the tunnel structure. While the interaction between the tunnel diameter and concrete density has appreciable effect on the stability process. It is worthy to mention that Sobol’s sensitivity indices manifested strong efficiency in detecting the roles of each design factor in cooperation with the numerical simulations explaining the responses of the circular tunnel during seismic actions.

关键词: shear waves     Sobol’s sensitivity indices     maximum principal stress     maximum overall displacement     tensile damage    

Recent advances of hydrogen production through particulate semiconductor photocatalytic overall water

《能源前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 49-63 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0817-9

摘要: Solar energy-driven photocatalytic water splitting has been investigated for decades to produce clean and renewable green hydrogen. In this paper, the cutting-edge research within the overall water splitting system is summarized from the one-step photocatalytic overall water splitting (POWS) system to the two-step system and the cocatalysts research in this field. In addition, the photocatalytic reaction engineering study is also reviewed which is crucial for future scale-up. This mini-review provides a picture of survey of recent progress of relevant overall water splitting system, with particular attention paid to material system and mechanistic breakthroughs, and highlights the challenge and opportunity of the current system.

关键词: photocatalysis     overall water splitting     hydrogen    

Facile route to achieve MoSe-NiSe on nickel foam as efficient dual functional electrocatalysts for overall

《能源前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第3期   页码 483-491 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0813-0

摘要: Since the catalytic activity of present nickel-based synthetic selenide is still to be improved, MoSe2-Ni3Se2 was synthesized on nickel foam (NF) (MoSe2-Ni3Se2/NF) by introducing a molybdenum source. After the molybdenum source was introduced, the surface of the catalyst changed from a single-phase structure to a multi-phase structure. The catalyst surface with enriched active sites and the synergistic effect of MoSe2 and Ni3Se2 together enhance the hydrogen evolution reactions (HER), the oxygen evolution reactions (OER), and electrocatalytic total water splitting activity of the catalyst. The overpotential of the MoSe2-Ni3Se2/NF electrocatalyst is only 259 mV and 395 mV at a current density of 100 mA/cm2 for HER and OER, respectively. MoSe2-Ni3Se2/NF with a two-electrode system attains a current density of 10 mA/cm2 at 1.60 V. In addition, the overpotential of HER and OER of MoSe2-Ni3Se2/NF within 80000 s and the decomposition voltage of electrocatalytic total water decomposition hardly changed, showing an extremely strong stability. The improvement of MoSe2-Ni3Se2/NF catalytic activity is attributed to the establishment of the multi-phase structure and the optimized inoculation of the multi-component and multi-interface.

关键词: three-dimensional molybdenum nanomaterials     hydrogen evolution reaction     oxygen evolution reaction     overall water splitting    

State-of-the-art progress in overall water splitting of carbon nitride based photocatalysts

Bing LUO, Yuxin ZHAO, Dengwei JING

《能源前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 600-620 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0737-0

摘要: Converting solar energy into hydrogen (H ) by photocatalytic water splitting is a promising approach to simultaneously address the increasing energy demand and environmental issues. Half decade has passed since the discovery of photo-induced water splitting phenomenon on TiO photoanode, while the solar to H efficiency is still around 1%, far below the least industrial requirement. Therefore, developing efficient photocatalyst with a high energy conversion efficiency is still one of the main tasks to be overcome. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C N ) is just such an emerging and potential semiconductor. Therefore, in this review, the state-of-the-art advances in g-C N based photocatalysts for overall water splitting were summarized in three sections according to the strategies used, and future challenges and new directions were discussed.

关键词: photocatalysis     overall water splitting     carbon nitride     hydrogen    

Lateral displacement of soft ground under vacuum pressure and surcharge load

Chin-Yee ONG, Jin-Chun CHAI

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 239-248 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0110-1

摘要: Surcharge load (e.g. embankment fill) will induce settlement and outward lateral displacement, while vacuum pressure will induce settlement and inward lateral displacement of a ground. Ideally, combination of surcharge load and vacuum pressure can reduce or minimize the lateral displacement. Laboratory large scale model (length: 1.50 m, width: ~0.62 m, height: 0.85 m) tests and finite element analyses (FEA) were conducted to investigate the main influencing factors on lateral displacement of a soft clayey ground under the combination of vacuum pressure and surcharge load. For the conditions investigated, the results indicate that the outward lateral displacement increases with the increase of the ratio of surcharge load to vacuum pressure ( ) and the loading rate of the surcharge load ( ). Also, it is shown that for a given and condition, lateral displacement reduces with the increase of the initial undrained shear strength ( ) of the ground. To predict the lateral displacement of a ground under the combination of surcharge load and vacuum pressure, the loading conditions in terms of and , and value of the ground have to be considered.

关键词: vacuum consolidation     lateral displacement     PVD     finite element analysis     surcharge load    

NiFeRuOx nanosheets on Ni foam as an electrocatalyst for efficient overall

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第11期   页码 1698-1706 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2334-8

摘要: The electrocatalyst NiFeRuOx/NF, comprised of NiFeRuOx nanosheets grown on Ni foam, was synthesized using a hydrothermal process followed by thermal annealing. NiFeRuOx/NF displays high electrocatalytic activity and stability for overall alkaline seawater splitting: 98 mV@ 10 mA∙cm−2 in hydrogen evolution reaction, 318 mV@ 50 mA∙cm−2 in oxygen evolution reaction, and a cell voltage of 1.53 V@ 10 mA∙cm−2, as well as 20 h of durability. A solar-driven system containing such a bifunctional NiFeRuOx/NF has an almost 100% Faradaic efficiency. The NiFeRuOx coating around Ni foam is an anti-corrosion layer and also a critical factor for enhancement of bifunctional performances.

关键词: NiFeRuOx nanosheets     Ni foam     electrocatalysis     overall seawater splitting     solar-driven system    

Influence of advanced engineering measures on displacement and stress field of surrounding rock in tunnels

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0966-x

摘要: Based on significant improvements in engineering materials, three advanced engineering measures have been proposed—super anchor cables, high-strength concrete anti-fault caverns, and grouting modification using high-strength concrete-to resist fault dislocation in the surrounding rock near tunnels crossing active strike-slip faults. Moreover, single- or multiple-joint advanced engineering measures form the local rock mass-anti-fault (LRAF) method. A numerical method was used to investigate the influence of LRAF methods on the stress and displacement fields of the surrounding rock, and the anti-fault effect was evaluated. Finally, the mechanism of action of the anchor cable was verified using a three-dimensional numerical model. The numerical results indicated that the anchor cable and grouting modification reduced the displacement gradient of the local surrounding rock near the tunnels crossing fault. Furthermore, anchor cable and grouting modifications changed the stress field of the rock mass in the modified area. The tensile stress field of the rock mass in the modified anchor cable area was converted into a compressive stress field. The stress field in the modified grouting area changed from shear stress in the fault slip direction to tensile stress in the axial tunnel direction. The anti-fault cavern resisted the dislocation displacement and reduced the maximum dislocation magnitude, displacement gradient, and shear stress. Among the three advanced engineering measures, the anchor cable was the core of the three advanced engineering measures. An anchor cable, combined with other LRAF measures, can form an artificial safety island at the cross-fault position of the rock mass to protect the tunnel. The research results provide a new supporting idea for the surrounding rock of tunnels crossing active strike-slip faults.

关键词: anti-fault effect     engineering measures     LRAF method     stress and displacement field     tunnel-crossing active faults    

Quality control based on electrode displacement and force in resistance spot welding

Chuntao JI, Lipeng DENG

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2010年 第5卷 第4期   页码 412-417 doi: 10.1007/s11465-010-0114-x

摘要: The behaviors of electrode displacement and force during spot welding under various conditions, such as different weld currents, electrode forces, and welding times, were studied. Tests were conducted on a 170?kVA MFDC spot welder. Data were collected via a multichannel high-speed data acquisition system and were analyzed with MATLAB. Behaviors of 5182 aluminum and mild steel in spot welding were compared. Results show that nugget expansion rate does not reach zero for aluminium as it does for mild steel as nugget grew to a certain size. A linear relationship is found between the nugget size and maximum expansion that facilitates online weld quality evaluation. An electrode force peak is observed and believed relevant to the sufficient nugget size.

关键词: aluminum     electrode displacement     electrode force     nugget size     data acquisition    

Principle of maximum entropy for reliability analysis in the design of machine components

Yimin ZHANG

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第14卷 第1期   页码 21-32 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0512-z

摘要: We studied the reliability of machine components with parameters that follow an arbitrary statistical distribution using the principle of maximum entropy (PME). We used PME to select the statistical distribution that best fits the available information. We also established a probability density function (PDF) and a failure probability model for the parameters of mechanical components using the concept of entropy and the PME. We obtained the first four moments of the state function for reliability analysis and design. Furthermore, we attained an estimate of the PDF with the fewest human bias factors using the PME. This function was used to calculate the reliability of the machine components, including a connecting rod, a vehicle half-shaft, a front axle, a rear axle housing, and a leaf spring, which have parameters that typically follow a non-normal distribution. Simulations were conducted for comparison. This study provides a design methodology for the reliability of mechanical components for practical engineering projects.

关键词: machine components     reliability     arbitrary distribution parameter     principle of maximum entropy    

Full-field dynamic strain reconstruction of an aero-engine blade from limited displacement responses

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第18卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0731-1

摘要: Blade strain distribution and its change with time are crucial for reliability analysis and residual life evaluation in blade vibration tests. Traditional strain measurements are achieved by strain gauges (SGs) in a contact manner at discrete positions on the blades. This study proposes a method of full-field and real-time strain reconstruction of an aero-engine blade based on limited displacement responses. Limited optical measured displacement responses are utilized to reconstruct the full-field strain. The full-field strain distribution is in-time visualized. A displacement-to-strain transformation matrix is derived on the basis of the blade mode shapes in the modal coordinate. The proposed method is validated on an aero-engine blade in numerical and experimental cases. Three discrete vibrational displacement responses measured by laser triangulation sensors are used to reconstruct the full-field strain over the whole operating time. The reconstructed strain responses are compared with the results measured by SGs and numerical simulation. The high consistency between the reconstructed and measured results demonstrates the accurate strain reconstructed by the method. This paper provides a low-cost, real-time, and visualized measurement of blade full-field dynamic strain using displacement response, where the traditional SGs would fail.

关键词: aero-engine blade     displacement response     dynamic strain reconstruction     mode shape     strain gauge    

Evaluation of liquefaction-induced lateral displacement using Bayesian belief networks

Mahmood AHMAD, Xiao-Wei TANG, Jiang-Nan QIU, Feezan AHMAD

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 80-98 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0682-3

摘要: Liquefaction-induced lateral displacement is responsible for considerable damage to engineered structures during major earthquakes. Therefore, an accurate estimation of lateral displacement in liquefaction-prone regions is an essential task for geotechnical experts for sustainable development. This paper presents a novel probabilistic framework for evaluating liquefaction-induced lateral displacement using the Bayesian belief network (BBN) approach based on an interpretive structural modeling technique. The BBN models are trained and tested using a wide-range case-history records database. The two BBN models are proposed to predict lateral displacements for free-face and sloping ground conditions. The predictive performance results of the proposed BBN models are compared with those of frequently used multiple linear regression and genetic programming models. The results reveal that the BBN models are able to learn complex relationships between lateral displacement and its influencing factors as cause–effect relationships, with reasonable precision. This study also presents a sensitivity analysis to evaluate the impacts of input factors on the lateral displacement.

关键词: Bayesian belief network     seismically induced soil liquefaction     interpretive structural modeling     lateral displacement    

Quality monitoring of resistance spot welding based on electrode displacement characteristics analysis

ZHANG Pengxian, ZHANG Hongjie, CHEN Jianhong, MA Yuezhou

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2007年 第2卷 第3期   页码 330-335 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0058-y

摘要: A new method is developed to monitor joint quality based on the information collection and process in spot welding. First, twelve parameters related to weld quality are mined from electrode displacement signal on the basis of different phases of nugget formation marked by simultaneous dynamic resistance signal. Second, through correlation analysis of the parameters and taking tensile-shear strength of the spot-welded joint as evaluation target, different characteristic parameters are reasonably selected. At the same time, linear regression, nonlinear regression and radial basis function (RBF) neural network models are set up to evaluate weld quality between the selected parameters and tensile-shear strength. Finally, the validity of the proposed models is certified. Results show that all of the models can be used to monitor joint quality. For the RBF neural network model, which is more effective for monitoring weld quality than the others, the average error validated is 2.88% and the maximal error validated is under 10%.

Pore-scale simulation of water/oil displacement in a water-wet channel

Jin Zhao, Guice Yao, Dongsheng Wen

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第4期   页码 803-814 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1835-y

摘要: Water/oil flow characteristics in a water-wet capillary were simulated at the pore scale to increase our understanding on immiscible flow and enhanced oil recovery. Volume of fluid method was used to capture the interface between oil and water and a pore-throat connecting structure was established to investigate the effects of viscosity, interfacial tension (IFT) and capillary number ( ). The results show that during a water displacement process, an initial continuous oil phase can be snapped off in the water-wet pore due to the capillary effect. By altering the viscosity of the displacing fluid and the IFT between the wetting and non-wetting phases, the snapped-off phenomenon can be eliminated or reduced during the displacement. A stable displacement can be obtained under high number conditions. Different displacement effects can be obtained at the same number due to its significant influence on the flow state, i.e., snapped-off flow, transient flow and stable flow, and ultralow IFT alone would not ensure a very high recovery rate due to the fingering flow occurrence. A flow chart relating flow states and the corresponding oil recovery factor is established.

关键词: VOF     pore scale     immiscible displacement     EOR     snap-off     Ca    

Fractional order extremum seeking approach for maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic panels

Ammar NEÇAIBIA,Samir LADACI,Abdelfatah CHAREF,Jean Jacques LOISEAU

《能源前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第1期   页码 43-53 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0343-5

摘要: Due to the high interest in renewable energy and diversity of research regarding photovoltaic (PV) array, a great research effort is focusing nowadays on solar power generation and its performance improvement under various weather conditions. In this paper, an integrated framework was proposed, which achieved both maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and minimum ripple signals. The proposed control scheme was based on extremum-seeking (ES) combined with fractional order systems (FOS). This auto-tuning strategy was developed to maximize the PV panel output power through the regulation of the voltage input to the DC/DC converter in order to lead the PV system steady-state to a stable oscillation behavior around the maximum power point (MPP). It is shown that fractional order operators can improve the plant dynamics with respect to time response and disturbance rejection. The effectiveness of the proposed controller scheme is illustrated with simulations using measured solar radiation data.

关键词: extremum seeking (ES)     fractional order control (FOC)     fractional calculus     photovoltaic (PV) panel     maximum power point tracking (MPPT)    

The combined effects of biomass and temperature on maximum specific ammonia oxidation rate in domestic

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1411-9

摘要:

• Actual SAORs was determined using MLVSS and temperature.

关键词: Specific ammonia oxidation rate     Sequencing batch reactor     Biomass     Temperature coefficient     Model simulation    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Global sensitivity analysis of certain and uncertain factors for a circular tunnel under seismic action

Nazim Abdul NARIMAN, Raja Rizwan HUSSAIN, Ilham Ibrahim MOHAMMAD, Peyman KARAMPOUR

期刊论文

Recent advances of hydrogen production through particulate semiconductor photocatalytic overall water

期刊论文

Facile route to achieve MoSe-NiSe on nickel foam as efficient dual functional electrocatalysts for overall

期刊论文

State-of-the-art progress in overall water splitting of carbon nitride based photocatalysts

Bing LUO, Yuxin ZHAO, Dengwei JING

期刊论文

Lateral displacement of soft ground under vacuum pressure and surcharge load

Chin-Yee ONG, Jin-Chun CHAI

期刊论文

NiFeRuOx nanosheets on Ni foam as an electrocatalyst for efficient overall

期刊论文

Influence of advanced engineering measures on displacement and stress field of surrounding rock in tunnels

期刊论文

Quality control based on electrode displacement and force in resistance spot welding

Chuntao JI, Lipeng DENG

期刊论文

Principle of maximum entropy for reliability analysis in the design of machine components

Yimin ZHANG

期刊论文

Full-field dynamic strain reconstruction of an aero-engine blade from limited displacement responses

期刊论文

Evaluation of liquefaction-induced lateral displacement using Bayesian belief networks

Mahmood AHMAD, Xiao-Wei TANG, Jiang-Nan QIU, Feezan AHMAD

期刊论文

Quality monitoring of resistance spot welding based on electrode displacement characteristics analysis

ZHANG Pengxian, ZHANG Hongjie, CHEN Jianhong, MA Yuezhou

期刊论文

Pore-scale simulation of water/oil displacement in a water-wet channel

Jin Zhao, Guice Yao, Dongsheng Wen

期刊论文

Fractional order extremum seeking approach for maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic panels

Ammar NEÇAIBIA,Samir LADACI,Abdelfatah CHAREF,Jean Jacques LOISEAU

期刊论文

The combined effects of biomass and temperature on maximum specific ammonia oxidation rate in domestic

期刊论文